Dukungan lingkungan sosial terhadap aktivitas peran-ganda perempuan kelas menengah etnik Sunda (studi kasus di Kabupaten Garut)

Ieke Sartika Iriany

doi:10.17509/abmas.v3i1.59

Dukungan lingkungan sosial terhadap aktivitas peran-ganda perempuan kelas menengah etnik Sunda (studi kasus di Kabupaten Garut)

Ieke Sartika Iriany ^{Universitas Garut,} ,

24 October 2003 · Vol. 3 No. 1 (2003): Jurnal Abmas · Articles

Downloads

Download PDF (Bahasa Indonesia)

Abstract

This research forms the case study of the middle-class Sundanese women's multiplied roles in Garut Regency. This research analyzes aspects of married women's perception of work activities in the domestic and public sectors, their husbands' perception of women's multiplied roles, and the Sundanese social environment's support for women's multiplied roles. The research question is: "Why Sundanese women's multiplied roles, as women's self-actualization in family and society, cannot contribute to development?". The method used in this research is the case study with a qualitative-descriptive approach. Data gathering techniques used observation-participation and in-depth interviews involving twenty-three general informants and eighteen key informants selected via the snowball technique. The result of the research shows that the Sundanese ethnic women (the wife) and the husbands of the middle class have a positive perception toward women's multiplied roles, so that the activities in implementing domestic roles and public roles are purposed to build a prosperous family, "Sakinah, mawaddah, warokhmah" ("peaceful, quiet, and merciful"), and have support from the social environment. Women's multiplied roles of Sundanese get significant support either from the family environment, the occupational environment, or their social environment. The women's multiplied roles model are the "ideal-roles model" or "equilibrium model," which means role differentiation in the family has integrated with the proportion of women's roles in the domestic sector (PSD) being equal to women's roles in the public sector (PSP). In another word, PSD is the same as PSP; with the "Trimatra Fungsional" paradigm (functional of three-dimensions paradigm) to perceive interaction dimensions of wife, husband, and children; so that role-structure differentiation according to functional goals can integrate.

Keywords : domestic-public sector , middle class women , multiplied roles , perception , sundanese women

References

Aida Vitalaya. 1995. "Biarkan Perempuan Memilih". Socio: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Sosial, Edisi Mei 1995. ISI Cabang Jawa Barat, Bandung.

Biro Pusat Statistik. 1998. Wanita dan Pria Indonesia 1998. Sakernas 1998; Data Sosial Ekonomi 1998.

Blumberg, Rae Lesser. 1991. Gender, Family and Economy. Sage Publication, International Educational and Professional Publisher, London.

Djadja Saefullah, H.A. 1995. "Tingkat Pendidikan dan Kegiatan Kerja Wanita di Jawa Barat". Disampaikan dalam seminar ISI di Bandung, tanggal 13 Juni 1994.

Garna, Judistira. 1995. Sistem Budaya Indonesia. Program Pascasarjana Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung.

Garna, Judistira. 1999. Teori Sosial dan Pembangunan Indonesia: Suatu Tinjauan Melalui Diskusi. Primaco Akademika, Bandung.

Guba, Egon G. and Yvonna S. Lincoln. 1985. Naturalistic Inquiry. Sage Publisher, Beverly Hills, California.

Koentjaraningrat. 1990. Sejarah Antropologi Jilid I dan II. UI-Press, Jakarta.

Lengermann, Patricia Madoo. 1988. Contemporary Feminist Theory. The George Washington University, New York.

Murdock, George Peter. 1965. Social Structure. The Free Press, New York.

Parsons, Talcott. 1951. The Social System. New York: Free Press. (Terjemahan Somardi, ISI Jawa Barat, 1995).

Parwati Soepangat. 1995. Analisis Gender untuk Peningkatan Peranan Wanita Dalam Pembangunan. Pusat Studi Wanita UNPAD, Bandung.

Ratna Megawangi. 1999. Membiarkan Berbeda. Mizan, Bandung.

Ritzer, George. 1988. Sociological Theory. Second Edition, University of Maryland, Alfred A. Knopf, New York.

Shaw, Marvin E. 1984. Theories of Social Psychology. McGraw-Hill Book Co, New York.

Stamm, Liesa and Carol D. Ryff. 1984. Social Power and Influence of Woman. AAAS Selected Symposium.

Suwarsih Warnaen, Yus Rusyana, Wahyu Wibisana, dan Bambang Suwondo. 1993. Etika Sunda: Suatu Ikhtiar untuk Mengungkapkan Etika Orang Sunda dan Tatakramanya. Yayasan Pembangunan Jawa Barat, Jakarta.

Tapi Omas Ihromi (ed). 1986. Laporan Penelitian Para Ibu Yang Berperan Tunggal dan yang Berperan Ganda. Kelompok Studi Wanita Lembaga Penelitian UI, Jakarta.