Correction and Retraction

Correction and Retraction

 

Corrections: Minor errors that do not alter the main conclusions of the article (e.g., typographical errors, author names, or minor data errors) will be addressed by publishing an Erratum or Corrigendum linked to the original publication.

Retractions: Articles will be retracted in cases of severe data falsification, major plagiarism, critical ethical violations, or fundamental errors invalidating the findings. A formal retraction notice will be published and linked to the original paper, and the article PDF will be watermarked with "RETRACTED".